Pierre shale.

However, the Pierre Shale of Kansas has several unconformities, including a critical unconformity that removes the Sharon Springs Formation from the stratigraphy in Kansas [1,4], so samples of the lower Pierre Shale Group were also collected from South Dakota and North Dakota. Detailed measured sections of the Niobrara Formation are provided by ...The Sharon Springs member of the Pierre shale of Cretaceous age, a hard black organic-rich shale similar to the Chattanooga shale, is radioactive throughout central and western South Dakota, most of Nebraska, northern Kansas, and northeastern Colorado. In the Missouri River valley, thin beds of the shale contain as much as 0.01 percent uranium.Fig. 3--A fresh exposure of lower Pierre-upper Niobrara lithology at location A. The bentonite beds marking the basal Pierre can be seen near the center of the picture. At least 24 separate bentonite beds are exposed in the Pierre Shale from the center to the top of the picture.The Pierre Shale, which is divided into identifiable sedimentary beds called members, also contains abundant fossils of numerous species of ammonites, ancestors of the chambered nautilus. The fossils, when combined with geologic mapping, allow the various exposed sections of the Pierre Shale to be pieced together in their proper relative ...highest confining pressure for the Pierre shale was only 13.79 MPa (2000 psi) because of its softness and highly ductile behavior under high confining pre ssure.

Brownish, rugged ridge in the middle ground (just above the foreground trees) is the Windy Gap Volcanic Member deposited on the eroded Pierre Shale. Stair-step topography in the distance reflects sedimentary architecture of the Middle Park Formation marked by interbedded fluvial sandstone-siltstone sequences capped by persistent conglomerate zones.The Sharon Springs Member of the Pierre Shale contains some of the most organic-rich sediments deposited in the Western Interior Cretaceous Seaway. Typically, organic carbon ranges from 2 to 11 weight percent while maturity of the source rock varies from immature to over-mature across the basin. Previous researchers variously ascribe the origin ...

Badlands National Park has been a long time in the making, a very long time actually, the black rock - or Pierre Shale to give it its geological name - is 65 million years old.It's the oldest formation in the Badlands and was originally formed along the bottom of ancient seas. Above this ancient layer is where the fossils can be found, the Eocene and Oligocene epochs holding countless ...Stratigraphers have determined that seven lithostratigraphic units are exposed in the study area: Chuar Group, Tremadoc Formation, Labrador Formation, Percha Shale, Salem Limestone, Paradox Formation, and Pierre Shale. The ages of the units have not yet been determined. To that end, fossils have been collected from nine stratigraphic horizons.

Based on integrated research of 1490 well logs with two cores, this study demonstrates that the lower Pierre Shale interval is a Type 1 Ramp Margin Sequence. Although previous studies primarily focused on individual sandstone members or parts of the lower Pierre Shale section in relatively limited areas, this study provides an in-depth sequence ...Four case histories where important changes in pile capacity were observed with time are presented. Two show an increase of pile capacity for shaft bearing piles driven into deep sand deposits. The increase occurred over a period longer than needed for pore pressure dissipation. In one case, increases of 33 and 85% in pile capacity were measured 2 and …To stimulate pyrite oxidation in the selected shale samples, a soxhlet extractor was modified to continually drip distilled water over the shale chips contained within a cellulose thimble, before being collected in a flask, in a setup suggested by Pedro (1961) (Fig. 1).The condenser was left open, allowing exchange with the atmosphere; no attempt was made to control/monitor oxygen and carbon ...Exposures of the Pierre Shale are very limited in southwestern North Dakota. Small areas in. Bowman, Slope, Sioux and Emmons counties reveal the uppermost ...The purpose of data collection was to create generalized contour maps of Pierre Shale elevation and surficial deposit thickness within and near Ellsworth Air Force Base (study area). Natural gamma and electromagnetic induction (EMI) data were collected to refine or determine surficial deposit thickness at selected wells. Additionally, data from ...

the Pierre Shale (Larson, et al. 1997; Cobban . 2006), however t h e r e i s o n l y a p o o r t o. incomplete record from the Smoky Hill Chalk (Miller, 1968). These obvious differen ces ofte n .

The accuracy of the numerical solution is verified against an analytical solution in a homogeneous medium. An example shows that the proposed wave equation describes the constant-Q attenuation and velocity dispersion behaviour observed in Pierre Shale. Finally, we consider a plane-layer model and the Marmousi model to show how the new ...

Undrained as well as drained tests were performed with samples of Pierre outcrop shale, which has variation in porosity (19-26%) and clay content (40-60%) between different batches. Fig. 13 shows the resulting total axial stress vs. axial strain curves for two Pierre Shale samples drilled perpendicular to bedding. The undrained test ...22-Jul-2015 ... The Pierre Shale is a dark gray clayey to silty mudstone that is exposed in large parts of the Northern Great Plains (Gill and Cobban 1966). It ...The Pierre shale of eastern Colorado, which does not differ much in constitution from the Pierre shale of western Kansas, was analyzed and physically tested by G. M. Butler, from whose report the following selected analyses are quoted (Butler, 1915, p. 342). They give a good illustration of the variable chemical and mineralogical content of the ...Pierre Seaway and Regional Stratigraphy The Pierre Shale was deposited in a seaway that extended from northern New Mexico to South Dakota (e.g., Weimer, 1960;McGookey et al., 1972;Williams and ...Cephalopod assemblages in the Pierre Shale strongly support a persistent interchange with southern taxa, indicating a sizable Late Maastrichtian corridor to the Gulf of Mexico (13) that lasted ...The thick Pierre Shale Fm (~650 m thick; 72.1-83.6 Ma BP) directly underlies the tills. It consists of non-calcareous, grey to dark grey, hard, high plasticity silt and clay 14 .

Studies of laboratory-treated Na +-smectite and Pierre Shale and natural thermo-mature gas shale indicate that, large quantities of silica are released during clay mineral transformation to form quartz cement (within a closed shale system). Two types of quartz cement are recorded in lab treated samples; granular silica, formed with all lab treated samples (Na +-smectite and Pierre Shale) at ...the Pierre Shale of South Dakota (SDSM 14267) with stomach contents (teleost fish vertebrae and scales) and gastroliths. A specimen of Triinacrom-erum bonneri (now Dolichorhynchops osborni) containing teeth of the en-chodontid Apateodus as gastric residue, and an elasmosaur associated withPictured Cliffs Formation. / 36.7373; -108.4277. The Pictured Cliffs Formation is a Campanian geologic formation in the San Juan Basin of New Mexico. [1] Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation, although none have yet been referred to a specific genus. [2]Shale forms from the pressure of layers of sediment compressing bits of silt that settle into the clay on the bottom of bodies of water. The compressed clay and silt become shale over time. Shale is a sedimentary rock.English: A broken concretion with fossils inside; Late Cretaceous Pierre shale, near Ekalaka, Montana.A model for hydrostatic consolidation of Pierre shale. January 1, 1991. This paper presents closed-form solutions for consolidation of transversely isotropic porous media under hydrostatic stress. The solutions are applied to model the time variation of pore pressure, volume strain and strains parallel and normal to bedding, and to obtain ...

Report (volume). of the Pierre Area South Dakota GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PROFESSIONAL PAPER 307 Geology of the Pierre Area South...South Dakota By DWIGHT R.The Pierre Shale Group is found in eastern South Dakota and western Wyoming in the United States of America. During the Cretaceous period, this area would have been part of the Western Interior Seaway, a marine environment. The Pierre is formed out of shale, sandstone, and bentonite. This group has been host to multiple fossil finds, including ...

FIGURE 24. Hoploscaphites macer, microconchs. A-D. YPM 35657, YPM loc. A4745, Baculites baculus or B. grandis Zone, Pierre Shale, Niobrara County, Wyoming. A, Right ...Twenty four Cretaceous shale core samples of Gibb Afia-1, Betty-1, Salam-1X and Mersa Matruh-1 wells were mineralogically and geochemically studied using XRD, XRF and Rock Eval Pyrolysis.In Hell Creek Formation - dark colored continental beds above the Fox Hills Sandstone and Pierre Shale. Cretaceous: Hell Creek: Vertebrate fossils are not uncommon but are not mineralized and do not weather well. Sharks-Lonchiodon; Rays-Myledaphus; fish-Acipenser,Paleopsephurus,Amia,Lepisosteus,Platacodon,Palaeolabrus; Amphibians ; Caudata ...Oct. 23, 2023 Updated 7:14 a.m. ET. Chevron, the U.S. energy giant, said Monday that it had agreed to acquire Hess, a medium-sized rival, in an all-stock deal valued at $53 billion. The …Niobrara Chalk was weathered and opalized in the Valentine phase of the Ogallala Formation. The Niobrara Formation / ˌnaɪ.əˈbrærə /, also called the Niobrara Chalk, is a geologic formation in North America that was deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian stages of the Late Cretaceous.The Cretaceous Pierre Shale formation of the United States and Canada is well known for the abundant ammonoid fauna it yields, including Baculites, Placenticeras, Scaphites, Hoploscaphites, and Jeletzkytes, as well as many uncoiled forms. Many of these also have much or all of the original shell, as well as the complete body chamber, still intact. Many …A polycotylid about 3m in length. also present in the Pierre Shale Formation: Brimosaurus: B. grandis: Kansas: Fort Hays Limestone: A nomen dubium. Styxosaurus: S. snowii: Smoky Hill Chalk: 85-81.5 Ma ago: A large elasmosaurid about 12m in length, also present in the Pierre Shale Formation Elasmosaurus "E." sternbergiYou are free: to share - to copy, distribute and transmit the work; to remix - to adapt the work; Under the following conditions: attribution - You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.

Pierre Shale of Wyoming and South Dakota with an evaluation of North American enchodontid species: Palaeontographica, v. 152, p. 91-112. Schein, J.P., 2004, The teleost fish Enchodus and the paleoceanography of Upper Cretaceous rock units in Alabama [M.S. thesis]: Auburn, Alabama, Auburn University, 156 p. ...

The aquifer is underlain by the nearly impermeable Pierre Shale, which forms the base of the aquifer system. The thickness of the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer ranges from 0 to about 300 feet . The Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer generally consists of beds of fine- to very fine-grained sandstone or siltstone interbedded with shale.

Abstract. The purpose of this reconnaissance is to assess the potential of the Pierre Shale, of Late Cretaceous age, as a possible isolation medium for radioactive wastes. The regional …Pierre Shale (WY) Campanian Bearpaw Shale (Upper) (MT) [Campanian] Main Body Formation (CO) Pierre Shale (MT) Pierre Shale (SD) [Campanian] Pierre Shale (WY) [Campanian] Holotype of Baculites eliasi (USNM 108969). Original unmodified images provided by courtesy of the Smithsonian NMNH and adapted and presented here under …Niobrara Chalk was weathered and opalized in the Valentine phase of the Ogallala Formation. The Niobrara Formation / ˌnaɪ.əˈbrærə /, also called the Niobrara Chalk, is a geologic formation in North America that was deposited between 87 and 82 million years ago during the Coniacian, Santonian, and Campanian stages of the Late Cretaceous.For example, the Pierre Shale formation can be recognized across the Great Plains, from New Mexico to North Dakota. The famous White Cliffs of Dover in southwest England can be matched to similar white cliffs in Denmark and Germany. A second clue could be the presence of a key bed, or a particularly distinctive layer of rock that can be ...Calcareous sandstone concretions in the Upper Cretaceous Pierre Shale in Middle Park and in the Fort Collins area of Colorado in the U.S. Western Interior contain heteromorph ammonites of the ...Four case histories where important changes in pile capacity were observed with time are presented. Two show an increase of pile capacity for shaft bearing piles driven into deep sand deposits. The increase occurred over a period longer than needed for pore pressure dissipation. In one case, increases of 33 and 85% in pile capacity were measured 2 and …Oil shale is an organic-rich fine-grained sedimentary rock containing kerogen (a solid mixture of organic chemical compounds) from which liquid hydrocarbons can be produced. In addition to kerogen, general composition of oil shales constitutes inorganic substance and bitumens.Based on their deposition environment, oil shales are classified as marine, lacustrine and terrestrial oil shales.The aquifer overlies relatively impermeable claystones of the White River Group, the Cretaceous Pierre Shale, or the shaly chalk and limestone of the Cretaceous Niobrara Formation. The base of the aquifer and the water table generally slope west to east and saturated thickness varies from 0 to greater than 160 m (Fig. 5 ).The Pierre Shale of western Kansas was deposited several hundred miles from the western shore of the Western Interior Sea and an unknown distance from the eastern shore. The formation is very thin relative to time-equivalent strata farther west in central Colorado. During much of Pierre time, depositional rates were probably slow in Kansas and ...MLRAs 102A/B/C occur mostly on Cretaceous Pierre Shale, Precambrian rocks (MLRAs 102A/B), and the Dakota Sandstone Formation (MLRA 102C) overlain by glacial till of varying thickness (up to 60 m) and loess varying from 2 to 20 m in thickness. This area is part of the Western Lake Section of the Central Lowland Province of the …

The aquifer is underlain by the nearly impermeable Pierre Shale, which forms the base of the aquifer system. The thickness of the Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer ranges from 0 to about 300 feet . The Laramie-Fox Hills aquifer generally consists of beds of fine- to very fine-grained sandstone or siltstone interbedded with shale.Paleontology Educational Resources Cooperstown Pierre Shale Site Cooperstown Pierre Shale Site Mosasaurs, Sharks, and Other Marine Creatures from the Cooperstown Pierre Shale Site by John W. Hoganson, Michael Hanson, Dennis L. Halvorson, and Verla Halvorson Figure 1 - Mike Hanson and Dennis Halvorson at the Cooperstown Site.The emerging DJ Basin Niobrara oil shale fields and other hydrocarbon-bearing formationssuch as the Pierre Shale, Codell, Greenhorn and Paleozoic horizons are believed to contain substantial recoverable oil reserves that may be effectively and economically exploited through advancing seismic modeling, drilling and completion technologies that ...Instagram:https://instagram. limited brands aces scheduleterraria summoner emblempreppy poster printsk state and ku Fossil specimen of the nautiloid cephalopod Eutrephoceras dekayi from the Cretaceous Pierre Shale of the Black Hills of South Dakota (PRI 44557). Specimen is from the collections of the Paleontological Research Institution, Ithaca, New York. Maximum diameter of specimen is approximately 6 cm. Model by Emily Hauf. - Cephalopod: … obamas legacyku vs west virginia basketball tickets Abstract. Body-wave dispersion is documented for a three-dimensional case using the pulse propagation experiment in the Pierre Shale conducted by McDonal et al. (1958) and for a two-dimensional case using ultrasonic pulse propagation in a Plexiglas plate. The magnitude of the dispersion for a five-octave frequency band was only about two to ... kansas vs illinois 5" Placenticeras Ammonite - Pierre Shale, SD. This is 5 inch wide Placenticeras meeki ammonite from the Pierre Shale of South Dakota. It has a shell that shines with a brilliant iridescence. When it gets hit by light at the right angles you can see hues of pinks and greens. It's Late Cretaceous in age (Upper Campanian Stage) or approximately 75 ...A fragment of Baculites sp. fromt he Cretaceous Pierre Shale of South Dakota. Specimen is an internal mold of a baculite chamber (i.e., sediment that filled a once empty space); very little original shell material (light colored) remains. Specimen is from the collections of the Paleontological Research Institution (PRI 70605).